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Jak zamknout určené buňky bez ochrany celého listu v aplikaci Excel?

Za normálních okolností musíte celý list chránit, abyste zamkli buňky před úpravami. Existuje nějaká metoda k uzamčení buněk bez ochrany celého listu? Tento článek vám doporučuje metodu VBA.

Uzamkněte určené buňky bez ochrany celého listu pomocí VBA

Uzamkněte určené buňky bez ochrany celého listu pomocí VBA

Předpokládejme, že potřebujete uzamknout buňky A3 a A5 v aktuálním listu, následující kód VBA vám to pomůže dosáhnout bez ochrany celého listu.

1. Klikněte pravým tlačítkem na kartu listu a vyberte Zobrazit kód z nabídky pravého tlačítka myši.

2. Poté zkopírujte a vložte níže uvedený kód VBA do okna Kód. Viz snímek obrazovky:

Kód VBA: Zamkněte určené buňky bez ochrany celého listu

Private Sub Worksheet_SelectionChange(ByVal Target As Range)
    If Target.Column = 1 Then
        If Target.Row = 3 Or Target.Row = 5 Then
            Beep
            Cells(Target.Row, Target.Column).Offset(0, 1).Select
        End If
    End If
End Sub

Poznámka: V kódu, Sloupec 1, Řádek = 3 a Řádek = 5 označte, že buňky A3 a A5 v aktuálním listu budou po spuštění kódu uzamčeny. Můžete je změnit podle potřeby.

3. zmáčkni Další + Q současně zavřete Microsoft Visual Basic pro aplikace okno.

Nyní jsou buňky A3 a A5 uzamčeny v aktuálním listu. Pokud se pokusíte vybrat buňku A3 nebo A5 v aktuálním listu, kurzor se automaticky přesune do sousední buňky vpravo.

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Comments (22)
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Aaron
Aaron
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Is there a way for this VBA code to run automatically every time someone opens the file?
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crystal
crystal     Aaron
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Hi Aaron,After adding the code, please save the workbook as an Excel Macro-Enabled Workbook (click File > Save As > specify a folder for the file > choose Excel Macro-Enabled Workbook from the Save as type drop-down list > Save). After that, every time when you open the file, the code works automatically.
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peggywong44667799@gmail.com
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I have try cannot, Hide formula without protecting.
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Kasey
Kasey
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Hi,

I have tried to use the code for ranges you have previously posted but it isn't working - can you advise me if I should be combining the code for ranges above or below?


Thanks
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Charlie
Charlie
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Hello,

I used the code provided to Carlos and it did exactly what I wanted it to. Is there a way to have some ranges offset within the ROW to the right of the protected range (as the "Carlos" code already does), but have other ranges offset within the COLUMN to the cell directly below the protected range? I tried entering the "Carlos" code twice and changing the offset, but I received a variety of errors.

Thank you
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crystal
crystal     Charlie
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Hi Charlie,
Sorry can't help you with that yet. Thank you for your comment.
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Espen
Espen
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Is there any function to set for example Row 2 cell 13 to 900? Or do i need to manually punch each cell name in the code?
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christophe.bourquard@gmail.com
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Bonjour,
Comment faire pour verrouiller de la cellule B8 à B10000?
D'avance merci de votre réponse.
Christophe
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Erin
Erin
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Dear Crystal,

Thank you so much for this! It works perfectly.

I have used the code in Carlos' comment to run the macro automatically as you open the file. I was wondering if there is a way of having an "Undo" button or something like it, that allows you to cancel that code and therefore, unlock those ranges that have been locked.

I want those to be locked most of the time, but I would like to unlock them should I need to change any of the data. The only reason I am not protecting the whole sheet is because, if I do, it deactivates the ability to expand on tables. That in turn, expand on a line chart.

Thanks so much for the help!
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crystal
crystal     Erin
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Hi Erin,
You can manually break the code by clicking the Break button in the Microsoft Visual Basic for Applications window to unlock those ranges. And run the code to activate it again. Thanks for your comment.
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carlito2002wgn
carlito2002wgn
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Dear Crystal,

Is there anyway that this macro can be run automatically upon opening the file, or upon clicking any cell. I don't want people to have to run the macro manually in order for the required ranges to be protected.

Also, I will need to protect 12 non adjacent ranges. For example: I11:I20 and K11:K20 and M11:20 etc... How do I do this?

Last, and this one might be asking too much, but is it possible to apply the protection to the example ranges that I provided above, BUT then extend the protection down additional rows as new ones are added? In other words, protection would be applied to I11:I20 and K11:K20 and M11:20, but a user would be able to add a new row (row 21), with new data, but once the new row is added, then the protection would apply to I11:I21 and K11:K21 and M11:21. Am I asking for the moon? :-)

Thank you for everything that you've already provided! I can't thank you and other people like you enough for sharing the your knowledge. Amazing!
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crystal
crystal     carlito2002wgn
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Dear Carlos,
The following VBA code can help you solving the problem. Please fill in your ranges in the fourth line of the code and press the Alt + Q keys to return to the worksheet. Then please shift to other worksheet and then go back to current sheet to activate the code. Thank you for your comment.

Dim xRg As Range
Private Sub Worksheet_Activate()
If xRg Is Nothing Then
Set xRg = Union(Range("I10:I20"), Range("K10:K20"), Range("M10:M20"), Range("O10:O20"))
End If
End Sub
Private Sub Worksheet_Change(ByVal Target As Range)
Dim I As Integer
Dim xRgNew As Range
Dim xRgLCell As Range
On Error Resume Next
Application.EnableEvents = False
For I = 1 To xRg.Areas.Count
Set xRgLCell = xRg.Areas.Item(I)
Set xRgLCell = xRgLCell(xRgLCell.Count).Offset(1, 0)
If Target.Address = xRgLCell.Address Then
If xRgNew Is Nothing Then
Set xRgNew = Target
Else
Set xRgNew = Union(xRgNew, Target)
End If
End If
Next
Set xRg = Union(xRg, xRgNew)
Application.EnableEvents = True
End Sub
Private Sub Worksheet_SelectionChange(ByVal Target As Range)
On Error GoTo Exitsub
If (Not Intersect(xRg, Target) Is Nothing) And (Target.Count = 1) Then
Target.Offset(0, 1).Select
End If
Exitsub:
End Sub
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pabloizquierdo88@gmail.com
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Dear Crystal,

You have provided me with a solution (half of it) that I have been struggling for the last few weeks, but I would need some more hints.

How this could be applied to a table range only, not whole worksheet? Thanks in advance.
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crystal
crystal    
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Good Day,
As the VBA code provided below, please change the specified range "H:J,4:46" to the table range you only want to lock in the worksheet.
And cells(1,1) should be the cell outside the table range. When clicking on any cell in the table range, the cursor will be moved to that cell automatically.

Private Sub Worksheet_SelectionChange(ByVal Target As Range)
Dim xRg As Range
Dim xRgEx As Range
Dim xRgExEach As Range
On Error Resume Next
Application.ScreenUpdating = False
Set xRg = Range("H:J,4:46") 'Change the row range and column range you will lock without protecting worksheet
Set xRgEx = Application.Intersect(xRg, Target)
If xRgEx Is Nothing Then Exit Sub
Cells(1, 1).Select 'Specify a cell you will shift to after selecting the locked cells
Application.ScreenUpdating = True
End Sub
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RENICK
RENICK     crystal
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Once you have run the VBA to lock those cells, how do you unlock them?
Do you have to have a VBA code to unlock?
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crystal
crystal     RENICK
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Hi RENICK,

We do not provide the unlocked VBA code, manually break the code then the area can be edited normally.
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AJ
AJ
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how could i lock a range of rows, say 4-46 and columns 8 and 10
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crystal
crystal     AJ
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Dear AJ,
If you want to lock a range of specified rows and columns, please try the below VBA script.

Private Sub Worksheet_SelectionChange(ByVal Target As Range)
Dim xRg As Range
Dim xRgEx As Range
Dim xRgExEach As Range
On Error Resume Next
Application.ScreenUpdating = False
Set xRg = Range("H:J,4:46") 'Change the row range and column range you will lock without protecting worksheet
Set xRgEx = Application.Intersect(xRg, Target)
If xRgEx Is Nothing Then Exit Sub
Cells(1, 1).Select 'Specify a cell you will shift to after selecting the locked cells
Application.ScreenUpdating = True
End Sub
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Nikki
Nikki     crystal
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This is a great workaround, especially in shared workbooks where turning protection on/off is unsupported. Thank you so much.
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